Neglected tropical diseases refers to a group of diseases caused by diverse pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi, and toxins. Disease detection and progression is often made difficult by asymptomatic carriers and long incubation periods. Prevention and treatment strategies are further complicated as neglected tropical diseases are endemic to areas that are geographically isolated, have insufficient infrastructure limiting access to healthcare, and limited financial resources, as well as, environmental factors (vector-borne; zoonosis). To be effective, strategies for vaccine development and immunization, and treatment of these infectious diseases, need to take all these factors into account in a One Health approach.